Introduction to Dental Equipment’s

Preface - Ayyappadas M, Initiator Top Biomed

Dental Equipment industry is one of the growing Employment areas for Biomedical Engineers and Technicians. There are Indian and Foreign Dental Equipment Manufacturers in this segment. The Biomedical Engineers can involve in Dental Clinic Design, Product, and Service Management areas, while the Technicians can get employed in Manufacturing Facilities and Field Service areas. Top Biomed is coordinating a Dental Industry Programme. Details are given at the end of this article.

Part 1: Dental Chair - Anbarasan M

Dental Equipment is a tool used by Dental Professionals to identify and treat dental conditions. These tools are used to examine, manipulate, treat, restore, and remove teeth & surrounding oral structures.

A Modern Dental Chair is a state of the art of Electromechanical Design. It incorporates the latest Mechanical Engineering Design and Embedded Software and Hardware Technology.

1.Dental Chair

Dental Chair consists of Headrest, Backrest, and Seat rest. A Headrest is a cushioned, single-piece, continuous, and uniform U-shaped structure for supporting a person's head and neck. Adequate back support that the patient can lean against while sitting provided with help of Backrest. Seat rest synchronized with patient movement, gives proper support to patients and dentists.

The chair position is a very important aspect in the success of a Dental Treatment. The correct positioning helps the operator to have good visibility and accessibility of the Oral Cavity. The proper position of the patient is achieved through a stored program. Dental Chairs are having Actuators that are controlled by switches provided in the Modular Delivery System or Assistant Module by the Dentist.

2.Modular Delivery System

Modular Delivery System plays such a critical role in Dental Treatment room and it includes several instruments like Air Rotors, Micromotors, Scaler, 3-Way Syringe, etc.

2(a). Air Rotors

Air Rotor is High-Speed Handpiece used in Cutting, Drilling, and Trimming of Teeth. It runs by the Power of Pressurized Air and Water Mixture. The mixture acts as a fuel and helps in providing rotational kinetic energy and acts as a coolant. The Speed range of Air Rotors from 2,00,000 to 5,00,000 RPM. In Modern Delivery System Two Air Rotors Handpiece points are provided runs with help of Centralized Air Compressor.

2(b). Micromotor

Micro Motor is Low Speed and High Torque Handpiece used in Cutting, Drilling, and Trimming of Teeth. Micromotor is powered by Electricity and the maximum speed it can run is up to 40,000 to 50,000 RPM.

2(c). Control Panel

Control Panel provides the option for Proper Positioning of the Patient with some stored program and it also helps the Dentist to increase and decrease the Speed of the Handpieces. This Position can be fixed by Assistant also with the help of Control Panel available in Assistant Module even through Foot Control we can achieve.

2(d). Light Cure

Dental Curing Light is a gun like a machine with a light-emitting source attached to its head. This is primarily used after cavity preparation and restoration (filling) done with resin-based composites. There are different kinds with different wavelengths that use visible blue light spectrum.

2(e). Scaler

A Dental Scaler is a tool used to scrape the plaque and tartar off teeth. It is a metal hand tool with an end shaped like a curved or hooked blade. The cleaning head moves back and forth in a straight line and is more comfortable for the patient. Scaler vibrates super-fast between 25,000 to 45,000 times per second (Hz).

2(f). 3-Way Syringe

3-Way Syringe is a Dental Handpiece that supplies a focused stream of compressed Air, Water, or a combination of both. Frequently used to clean a tooth or surface during dental treatment.

3.Assistant Module

Assistant Trolley is one of the equipped modules in the Dental Chair it contains instruments like 3-Way Syringe, Suction, Chair Control Program, Light Cure, etc.

3(a). Low Vacuum Suction

Low Vacuum Suction helps the Dentist to remove the Wastewater, Blood, Saliva, Dentine, and various filling materials from the Patient Mouth by connecting with help of Centralized Suction Pump or Dental Chair attached Suction Pump.

3(b). High Vacuum Suction

During the Dental Procedure, an aerosol cloud would spread throughout the entire treatment room because of the cool spray of modern, fast-running instruments. This aerosol-cloud contains germs, bacteria, and viruses. So, the High Suction Power is generated by the suction unit will easily remove the aerosol. Typically, its hold by the assistant near to the patient mouth.

3(c).3-Way Syringe

Refer 2(f). 3-Way Syringe in Modular Delivery System.

4.Dental Operating Light

The Dental Operating light is used to illuminate the oral cavity or mouth of the patient sitting on the dental chair. The light is positioned 30 – 50 inches from the mouth of the patient. The Operating Light can be controlled by Toggle Switch, Foot Control, and Sensor.

That Hands-free operation allows the user to easily switch the light on or off and to control the intensity. The handles can be removed, sterilized, and autoclaved. Modern Dental Operating Light comes with automatic light adjustment according to Ambient Light.

5.Monitor Mount

Monitor Mount help the Dentists to Educate the patients comes with additional display for Film based X-ray to view and enables the video through the camera that can visualize the internal part of the mouth.

6.Spittoon

A Bowl or Basin-like receptacle for the patient to spit saliva during Dental procedures. It is provided with a water pipe supply to clean the bowl and push them toward the drain with help of motors. It also comes with a Sensor-based drinking water Dispensing Unit.

List of Major Dental Clinic Equipments:

1.Dental Chair

2.Dental Autoclave

3.UV Sterilizer

4.Dental Implants

5.Dental X-Ray

6.OPG & CBCT

7.Dental Electrosurgical Unit

About Author :

Senior Trainer 
Harvey Biomedical, Bangalore
www.harveybiomedical.in